China
One-party socialist republic · Asia · Upper middle income
Policies
Climate & Environment
National Carbon Emissions Trading Scheme
World's largest carbon market covering power sector (2,200+ companies, ~5Gt CO2). Expanding to cement, steel, aluminum by 2025.
1+N Policy Framework for Carbon Peak
Comprehensive policy roadmap for peaking CO2 emissions before 2030. Targets: 25% non-fossil energy, 20% forest coverage increase, 65% carbon intensity reduction from 2005.
Trade & Tariffs
Export Control Law
Comprehensive export control regime covering dual-use items, military products, and nuclear materials. Used to restrict rare earth and critical mineral exports.
RCEP Implementation
China's participation in the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership — world's largest trade bloc covering 30% of global GDP with progressive tariff elimination.
Immigration & Borders
Visa-Free Transit Expansion
Extended 144-hour visa-free transit to 54 countries, expanded to 37 ports of entry. Part of broader opening-up policy to boost tourism and business travel.
Policy Timeline
Latest official updates
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